Print
My progress
Practice paper, not an official KPM paper
55
Ujian Akhir Sesi AkademikEnd of Academic Session Test

SainsScience

Tingkatan 1, 2 jam / 2 hours, 100 marks
Nama / Name
Kelas / Class
  1. Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C.This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.
  2. Jawab semua soalan.Answer all questions.
  3. Bahagian A: pilih satu jawapan bagi setiap soalan.Section A: choose one answer for each question.
  4. Bahagian B dan C: tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan. Tunjukkan jalan kerja jika perlu.Sections B and C: write your answers in the spaces provided. Show your working where it helps.
  5. Rajah yang mengiringi soalan tidak dilukis mengikut skala kecuali dinyatakan.The diagrams in this paper are not drawn to scale unless stated.
  6. Anda dibenarkan menggunakan kalkulator saintifik.You may use a scientific calculator.

Bahagian ASection A

20 marks
Jawab semua soalan. Setiap soalan diikuti oleh empat pilihan jawapan, A, B, C dan D. Pilih satu jawapan sahaja.Answer all questions. Each question is followed by four options, A, B, C and D. Choose one answer only.
1
Rajah 1 menunjukkan simbol amaran pada sebotol pencuci tandas di dalam stor rumah Encik Faizal. Apakah langkah keselamatan yang paling sesuai semasa menggunakan bahan ini?Diagram 1 shows the hazard symbol on a bottle of toilet cleaner in Encik Faizal's store room. Which safety step is the most suitable when using this substance?
Hazard symbol: liquid dripping from two test tubes onto a surface and a hand, which are being eaten away
Rajah 1Diagram 1
Show answerHide answer
B
This is the corrosive symbol. Corrosive chemicals (concentrated acids and alkalis) burn the skin, so do not touch them; wear gloves, and wash the skin with lots of water if it touches you.
UnderstandingLowChapter 11.2Textbook p. 12
2
Aina menimbang tepung untuk membuat kek bersama ibunya. Resipi memerlukan 250 g tepung, tetapi bacaan penimbang ialah 245 g. Aina tetap mencatat 245 g dalam buku catatannya. Apakah sikap saintifik yang diamalkan oleh Aina?Aina weighs some flour to bake a cake with her mother. The recipe needs 250 g of flour, but the scale reads 245 g. Aina still writes 245 g in her notebook. Which scientific attitude does Aina practise?
Show answerHide answer
C
She records the actual reading, not the value she expected, so she is honest and accurate when recording data.
UnderstandingLowChapter 11.7Textbook p. 37
3
Hakim mengutip seketul batu kecil di halaman rumahnya. Jisim batu itu ialah 36 g. Rajah 2 menunjukkan aras air di dalam sebuah silinder penyukat sebelum dan selepas batu itu dimasukkan. Berapakah ketumpatan batu itu dan apakah yang berlaku apabila batu itu diletakkan di dalam air? (Ketumpatan air = 1.00 g cm⁻³)Hakim picks up a small stone in his garden. The mass of the stone is 36 g. Diagram 2 shows the water level in a measuring cylinder before and after the stone is put in. What is the density of the stone, and what happens when the stone is placed in water? (Density of water = 1.00 g cm⁻³)
Two measuring cylinders: before, water at 50 ml; after, with a stone at the bottom, water at 62 ml
Rajah 2Diagram 2
Show answerHide answer
C
Volume of stone = 62 − 50 = 12 cm³ (water displacement). Density = mass ÷ volume = 36 ÷ 12 = 3.00 g cm⁻³. This is more than the density of water (1.00 g cm⁻³), so the stone sinks. 0.72 comes from wrongly dividing by 50 cm³; 0.33 is volume ÷ mass. A density of 0.72 g cm⁻³ would float, not sink.
ApplyingHighChapter 11.5Textbook p. 31
4
Batang kangkung segar yang dimasak oleh ibu terasa rangup dan tegap. Rajah 3 menunjukkan satu sel tumbuhan. Struktur manakah yang memberikan bentuk yang tetap kepada sel tumbuhan?The fresh kangkung stems that Mother cooks feel crunchy and firm. Diagram 3 shows a plant cell. Which structure gives the plant cell a fixed shape?
Plant cell with four structures labelled P (outer wall), Q (green oval), R (large central sac) and S (round body)
Rajah 3Diagram 3
Show answerHide answer
A
P is the cell wall, which protects the cell and keeps its shape fixed. Q is a chloroplast, R is the vacuole and S is the nucleus (which controls all activities); the cell membrane controls the movement of substances.
UnderstandingLowChapter 22.1Textbook p. 50
5
Persamaan perkataan di bawah menunjukkan proses fotosintesis pada daun pokok cili di kebun Puan Lim.
Karbon dioksida + X → glukosa + Y (dengan tenaga cahaya dan klorofil)
Apakah X dan Y?The word equation below shows photosynthesis in the leaves of the chilli plants in Puan Lim's garden.
Carbon dioxide + X → glucose + Y (with light energy and chlorophyll)
What are X and Y?
Show answerHide answer
B
Carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen, with light energy and chlorophyll.
RememberingLowChapter 22.2Textbook p. 64
6
Pada suatu petang yang panas, ayah mencuci kereta di halaman rumah selama satu jam. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah berlaku dalam badannya untuk menurunkan suhu badan?On a hot afternoon, Father washes the car in the yard for one hour. Which of the following happens in his body to lower his body temperature?
Show answerHide answer
D
On a hot day the corrective mechanisms are: blood vessels dilate, hairs lie flat and more sweat is produced (heat is lost when sweat evaporates). Options A, B and C happen on a cold day.
UnderstandingLowChapter 33.1Textbook p. 75
7
Rajah 4 menunjukkan keadaan stoma pada daun pokok cili ibu pada pukul 1.00 tengah hari, ketika suhu sangat tinggi. Mengapakah liang Q berada dalam keadaan ini?Diagram 4 shows the stoma on a leaf of Mother's chilli plant at 1.00 p.m., when the temperature is very high. Why is pore Q in this condition?
Two guard cells (P) pressed together so that the pore Q between them is closed
Rajah 4Diagram 4
Show answerHide answer
A
The stoma (Q) is closed. When the temperature is too high, the guard cells close the stoma to reduce the water lost by transpiration, so the plant does not wilt.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 33.1Textbook p. 81
8
Rajah 5 menunjukkan fetus di dalam uterus Puan Aisyah, ibu saudara Amin. Apakah struktur P dan fungsinya?Diagram 5 shows the foetus in the uterus of Puan Aisyah, Amin's aunt. What is structure P and what is its function?
Foetus in the uterus with five structures labelled P, Q, R, S and T; P is a spongy structure on the uterine wall
Rajah 5Diagram 5
Show answerHide answer
D
P is the placenta, attached to the uterine wall. It is where nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide and waste are exchanged. Q is the umbilical cord; the amniotic fluid is the cushion.
RememberingLowChapter 44.4Textbook p. 110
9
Puan Salmah sedang hamil. Doktor menasihatinya supaya makan lebih banyak ikan bilis dan minum susu setiap hari. Apakah sebab nasihat itu?Puan Salmah is pregnant. The doctor advises her to eat more anchovies and drink milk every day. What is the reason for this advice?
Show answerHide answer
B
Anchovies, cheese and milk are rich in calcium and phosphorus, which are needed for the healthy formation of the foetus's bones and to protect the mother's bones and teeth. Energy comes from carbohydrates and fat, haemoglobin needs iron, and fibre prevents constipation.
ApplyingMediumChapter 44.5Textbook p. 112
10
Abang Hakim berumur 15 tahun. Antara perubahan berikut, yang manakah berlaku kepadanya semasa akil baligh?Hakim's elder brother is 15 years old. Which of the following changes happens to him at puberty?
Show answerHide answer
C
In boys the larynx enlarges and the voice becomes deeper. The other changes happen to girls.
RememberingLowChapter 44.2Textbook p. 101
11
Nenek memasak kari di dapur. Tidak lama kemudian, bau kari dapat dihidu di ruang tamu. Pernyataan manakah yang menerangkan pemerhatian ini?Grandmother cooks curry in the kitchen. Soon, the smell of the curry can be detected in the living room. Which statement explains this observation?
Show answerHide answer
A
This is diffusion: the odour particles move randomly with the air particles, from a high concentration (kitchen) to a low concentration (living room).
UnderstandingLowChapter 55.2Textbook p. 148
12
Kakak menuang air sirap berais ke dalam sebiji gelas. Selepas beberapa minit, titisan air terbentuk pada permukaan luar gelas itu. Antara yang berikut, yang manakah menerangkan pemerhatian ini?Sister pours an iced syrup drink into a glass. After a few minutes, water droplets form on the outer surface of the glass. Which of the following explains this observation?
Show answerHide answer
D
Water vapour in the surrounding air touches the cold glass, releases heat, its particles lose energy and move closer, and it condenses into water droplets. Melting absorbs heat, and the syrup cannot pass through glass.
AnalysingMediumChapter 55.2Textbook p. 153
13
Garam dapur yang digunakan oleh ibu terdiri daripada atom-atom. Zarah subatom manakah yang terdapat di dalam nukleus sesuatu atom?The table salt that Mother uses is made up of atoms. Which subatomic particles are found in the nucleus of an atom?
Show answerHide answer
D
Protons and neutrons are in the nucleus; electrons move around the nucleus.
RememberingLowChapter 66.1Textbook p. 165
14
Periuk ibu diperbuat daripada aluminium tetapi pemegangnya diperbuat daripada plastik. Mengapakah bahan-bahan ini dipilih?Mother's pot is made of aluminium but its handle is made of plastic. Why are these materials chosen?
Show answerHide answer
A
Metals such as aluminium conduct heat well, so the food cooks quickly. Plastic conducts heat poorly, so the handle stays cool and is safe to hold.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 66.1Textbook p. 173
15
Api kecil tercetus pada dapur gas. Ayah segera menutup injap tong gas itu. Bagaimanakah tindakan ini memadamkan api?A small fire starts at the gas stove. Father quickly turns off the valve of the gas cylinder. How does this action put out the fire?
Show answerHide answer
B
Combustion needs fuel, oxygen and heat. Turning off the gas cuts off the supply of fuel, so the fire goes out.
UnderstandingLowChapter 77.2Textbook p. 207
16
Gas manakah yang digunakan untuk menghasilkan minuman berkarbonat yang dihidangkan semasa jamuan keluarga?Which gas is used to produce the fizzy (carbonated) drinks served at a family party?
Show answerHide answer
C
Carbon dioxide is used to make carbonated drinks, in fire extinguishers and by plants for photosynthesis.
RememberingLowChapter 77.1Textbook p. 199
17
Ayah mengisi sebuah besen dengan air untuk merendam sayur. Dasar besen itu kelihatan lebih cetek daripada kedalaman sebenar. Pernyataan manakah yang menerangkan fenomena ini?Father fills a basin with water to soak some vegetables. The bottom of the basin looks shallower than its real depth. Which statement explains this phenomenon?
Show answerHide answer
B
Refraction: light from the bottom travels from water (denser) into air (less dense) and bends away from the normal, so the bottom appears higher (shallower) than it really is.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 88.4Textbook p. 234
18
Di sebuah gerai buah pada waktu malam, sebiji epal merah disinari dengan cahaya hijau sahaja. Apakah warna epal itu yang dilihat oleh Mei Ling?At a fruit stall at night, a red apple is lit by green light only. What colour does Mei Ling see the apple to be?
Show answerHide answer
D
A red object reflects only red light and absorbs other colours. Under green light there is no red light to reflect, so the green light is absorbed and the apple looks black.
ApplyingMediumChapter 88.7Textbook p. 243
19
Gas memasak yang digunakan di rumah berasal daripada petroleum dan gas asli. Bagaimanakah petroleum dan gas asli terbentuk?The cooking gas used at home comes from petroleum and natural gas. How are petroleum and natural gas formed?
Show answerHide answer
C
Dead marine organisms sink to the seabed and are buried under mud and rock. Bacteria decompose them with little oxygen, and high temperature and pressure over millions of years produce petroleum and natural gas.
UnderstandingLowChapter 99.6Textbook p. 271
20
Tebing sungai berhampiran rumah datuk semakin runtuh kerana dihakis oleh air sungai yang mengalir deras. Proses ini ialahThe river bank near Grandfather's house keeps falling in because it is worn away by the fast-flowing river water. This process is
Show answerHide answer
A
Erosion is the wearing away of the Earth's surface by moving agents such as water, wind and waves. It happens on the surface, so it is an exogenic process.
UnderstandingLowChapter 99.3Textbook p. 263

Bahagian BSection B

20 marks
Jawab semua soalan. Pilih jawapan yang betul bagi setiap bahagian.Answer all questions. Choose the correct answer for each part.
21
Ibu menanam bayam di kebun belakang rumah.Mother grows spinach in the garden behind the house.
[1 mark] (a)Aras organisasi sel bagi sehelai daun bayam ialahThe level of cell organisation of a spinach leaf is
Show answerHide answer
Organ
A leaf is made of different tissues that work together, so it is an organ.
[1 mark] (b)Sekumpulan sel epidermis yang mempunyai fungsi yang sama pada permukaan daun bayam membentuk satuA group of epidermal cells with the same function on the surface of the spinach leaf forms a
Show answerHide answer
Tissue
Cells with the same function combine to form a tissue (epidermal tissue).
[1 mark] (c)Benar atau palsu: Daun bayam menjalankan fotosintesis di dalam kloroplas dengan kehadiran cahaya matahari.True or false: The spinach leaf carries out photosynthesis in the chloroplasts in the presence of sunlight.
Show answerHide answer
True
Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplasts, where chlorophyll traps light energy.
[1 mark] (d)Benar atau palsu: Pokok bayam hanya menjalankan respirasi sel pada waktu malam.True or false: The spinach plant carries out cell respiration only at night.
Show answerHide answer
False
Cell respiration takes place in all living cells all the time, day and night, to release energy. Photosynthesis happens only when there is light.
RememberingLowChapter 22.1Textbook p. 56
22
Rajah 6 menunjukkan keratan membujur sekuntum bunga raya dari taman nenek.Diagram 6 shows a longitudinal section of a hibiscus flower from Grandmother's garden.
Hibiscus flower in section with parts labelled P and Q (on the stamens, Q magnified), R (swollen base) and S (green leaf-like part below the petals)
Rajah 6Diagram 6
[1 mark] (a)Bunga ini mempunyai kelopak yang besar dan berwarna terang serta mempunyai nektar. Agen pendebungaannya ialahThis flower has big, brightly coloured petals and nectar. Its pollinating agent is
Show answerHide answer
Insects
Big, colourful petals with nectar and a nice smell attract insects and animals. Hibiscus is an insect-pollinated flower.
[1 mark] (b)Fungsi bahagian S ialahThe function of part S is to
Show answerHide answer
Protect the flower during the bud stage
S is the sepal, which protects the flower while it is a bud. The stigma receives pollen grains and the anther (Q) produces them.
[1 mark] (c)Selepas persenyawaan, ovul di dalam bahagian R berkembang menjadiAfter fertilisation, the ovule inside part R develops into a
Show answerHide answer
Seed
R is the ovary. After fertilisation, the ovule grows inside the ovary and develops into a seed.
[1 mark] (d)Datuk menanam halia daripada seketul halia yang bertunas. Bahagian tumbuhan yang digunakan ialahGrandfather grows ginger from a piece of sprouting ginger. The part of the plant used is the
Show answerHide answer
Stem
Ginger reproduces vegetatively from its underground stem.
RememberingLowChapter 44.7Textbook p. 124
23
Kak Mira menemui beberapa bahan dan campuran berikut di rumahnya.Kak Mira finds the following substances and mixtures at home.
[1 mark] (a)Kerajang aluminium ialahAluminium foil is
Show answerHide answer
An element
Aluminium is made of only one type of atom, so it is an element (a metal).
[1 mark] (b)Gula ialahSugar is
Show answerHide answer
A compound
Sugar is made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen combined chemically, so it is a compound.
[1 mark] (c)Beberapa klip kertas besi terjatuh ke dalam bekas beras. Kaedah pengasingan yang paling sesuai ialahSome iron paper clips fell into a container of rice. The most suitable separation method is
Show answerHide answer
Using a magnet
Iron is a magnetic substance; rice is not. A magnet pulls out the iron clips.
[1 mark] (d)Air laut dibawa pulang dari pantai untuk mendapatkan air tulen. Kaedah pengasingan yang paling sesuai ialahSea water is brought home from the beach to obtain pure water. The most suitable separation method is
Show answerHide answer
Distillation
The salt is dissolved, so filtration cannot remove it. Distillation boils the water and condenses the steam into pure water, leaving the salt behind.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 66.2Textbook p. 180
24
Rajah 7 menunjukkan Kak Long menggunakan sejenis cermin untuk bersolek. Imej wajahnya kelihatan lebih besar.Diagram 7 shows Kak Long using a type of mirror to put on make-up. The image of her face looks bigger.
A woman applying powder while looking into a hand mirror that shows an enlarged image of her eye
Rajah 7Diagram 7
[1 mark] (a)Jenis cermin dalam Rajah 7 ialahThe type of mirror in Diagram 7 is a
Show answerHide answer
Concave mirror
A concave mirror magnifies the image, which makes it easier to put on make-up.
[1 mark] (b)Cermin yang dipasang di selekoh tajam jalan berhampiran rumah supaya pemandu dapat melihat kenderaan dari arah bertentangan ialahThe mirror placed at the sharp bend of the road near the house, so that drivers can see vehicles coming from the other direction, is a
Show answerHide answer
Convex mirror
A convex mirror gives a wide field of view, so it is used as a safety feature at dangerous corners.
[1 mark] (c)Benar atau palsu: Imej dalam cermin satah di bilik tidur adalah songsang sisi.True or false: The image in the plane mirror in the bedroom is laterally inverted.
Show answerHide answer
True
A plane mirror forms an image that is upright, laterally inverted, the same size as the object and virtual.
[1 mark] (d)Benar atau palsu: Imej dalam cermin satah ialah imej nyata yang boleh ditangkap pada skrin.True or false: The image in a plane mirror is a real image that can be formed on a screen.
Show answerHide answer
False
The image in a plane mirror is virtual; it cannot be formed on a screen.
ApplyingLowChapter 88.1Textbook p. 224
25
Amin membantu ibunya di dapur dan membuat beberapa pengukuran.Amin helps his mother in the kitchen and takes some measurements.
[1 mark] (a)Ibu membeli 2.25 kg ayam. Jisim ayam itu dalam gram ialahMother buys 2.25 kg of chicken. The mass of the chicken in grams is
Show answerHide answer
2250 g
1 kg = 1000 g, so 2.25 kg = 2.25 × 1000 = 2250 g.
[1 mark] (b)Alat yang paling sesuai untuk mengukur suhu badan adik yang demam ialahThe most suitable instrument to measure the body temperature of his little brother, who has a fever, is a
Show answerHide answer
Clinical thermometer
A clinical thermometer measures body temperature to 0.1 °C. An ammeter measures electric current.
[1 mark] (c)Amin mengukur ketebalan sekeping biskut menggunakan angkup vernier seperti dalam Rajah 8. Bacaan angkup vernier itu ialahAmin measures the thickness of a biscuit using vernier calipers, as shown in Diagram 8. The reading of the vernier calipers is
Vernier calipers: the vernier zero is between 0.8 and 0.9 cm on the main scale, and vernier line 4 lines up with a main scale line
Rajah 8Diagram 8
Show answerHide answer
0.84 cm
Main scale reading = 0.80 cm (just before the vernier zero). Vernier line 4 coincides with a main scale line: 4 × 0.01 = 0.04 cm. Reading = 0.80 + 0.04 = 0.84 cm.
[1 mark] (d)Angkup vernier lebih sesuai daripada pembaris untuk mengukur ketebalan biskut kerana angkup vernier lebihVernier calipers are more suitable than a ruler for measuring the thickness of the biscuit because vernier calipers are more
Show answerHide answer
sensitive
Sensitivity is the ability of an instrument to detect a small change. Vernier calipers have a smallest scale value of 0.01 cm, while a ruler has only 0.1 cm, so vernier calipers are more sensitive.
ApplyingLowChapter 11.4Textbook p. 22

Bahagian CSection C

60 marks
Jawab semua soalan. Tulis jawapan anda di ruang yang disediakan.Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
26
Pada suatu hari yang panas, datuk membantu nenek memasak rendang di atas dapur kayu di luar rumah. Selepas itu, datuk berehat di dalam bilik yang berpenghawa dingin. Rajah 9 menunjukkan keadaan kulit datuk di dua tempat itu.On a hot day, Grandfather helps Grandmother cook rendang over a wood fire outside the house. Afterwards, he rests in an air-conditioned room. Diagram 9 shows the condition of Grandfather's skin in the two places.
Two sections of skin. X: hair standing erect, a narrow blood vessel, no sweat. Y: hair lying flat, a wide blood vessel near the surface, sweat droplets on the skin
Rajah 9Diagram 9
[1 mark] (a)Nyatakan suhu badan normal manusia.State the normal human body temperature.
Show answerHide answer
  • 37 °C1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Namakan organ yang mengesan perubahan suhu badan datuk.Name the organ that detects the change in Grandfather's body temperature.
Show answerHide answer
  • Brain1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Rajah manakah yang menunjukkan kulit datuk semasa dia memasak di hadapan dapur kayu?Which diagram shows Grandfather's skin while he is cooking in front of the wood fire?
Show answerHide answer
Y
In Y the blood vessel is dilated (wide, close to the skin), the hair lies flat and sweat is produced — the responses to a high surrounding temperature.
[2 marks] (d)Nyatakan dua mekanisme pembetulan yang berlaku pada kulit datuk semasa dia berada di dalam bilik berpenghawa dingin.State two corrective mechanisms that take place in Grandfather's skin while he is in the air-conditioned room.
Show answerHide answer
Any 2 points
  • Blood vessels (under the skin) constrict, so less heat is lost1
  • Hairs stand erect to trap a layer of air (heat insulator)1
  • Less sweat is produced / sweating decreases1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Datuk berpeluh dengan banyak semasa memasak. Ramalkan isi padu air kencing yang dihasilkannya pada hari itu. Terangkan jawapan anda.Grandfather sweats a lot while cooking. Predict the volume of urine he produces that day. Explain your answer.
Show answerHide answer
  • Less urine is produced / the volume of urine decreases1
  • A lot of water is lost as sweat, so the water content of the body falls; the brain causes the kidneys to produce less urine to keep the water content normal1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (f)Kucing datuk tidak mempunyai kelenjar peluh kecuali pada tapak kakinya. Pada hari yang panas, kucing itu kerap menjilat bulunya. Terangkan bagaimana tindakan ini membantu kucing itu.Grandfather's cat has no sweat glands except on the soles of its feet. On the hot day, the cat often licks its fur. Explain how this helps the cat.
Show answerHide answer
  • The saliva on the fur evaporates and takes heat away, so the cat's body temperature decreases1
Tick each point you got.
UnderstandingLowChapter 33.1Textbook p. 75
27
Rajah 10 menunjukkan kitar oksigen di sekitar rumah keluarga Encik Rahman.Diagram 10 shows the oxygen cycle around Encik Rahman's family home.
Oxygen cycle: a tree (P) takes carbon dioxide and gives oxygen; a person (Q) and a gas stove flame (R) take oxygen and give carbon dioxide
Rajah 10Diagram 10
[1 mark] (a)Namakan proses P yang dijalankan oleh pokok di halaman rumah.Name process P carried out by the trees in the yard.
Show answerHide answer
  • Photosynthesis1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (b)Namakan proses Q dan proses R.Name process Q and process R.
Show answerHide answer
  • Q: Respiration1
  • R: Combustion (burning)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Selain Q dan R, nyatakan satu lagi proses yang menggunakan oksigen, yang boleh berlaku pada pagar besi rumah itu.Apart from Q and R, state one other process that uses oxygen and can happen to the iron gate of the house.
Show answerHide answer
  • Rusting1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (d)Jiran Encik Rahman selalu melakukan pembakaran terbuka sampah. Nyatakan satu bahan pencemar udara yang terhasil daripada aktiviti ini.Encik Rahman's neighbour often burns rubbish in the open. State one air pollutant produced by this activity.
Show answerHide answer
  • Smoke / soot / dust / carbon monoxide (any one)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (e)Nenek Encik Rahman menghidap asma. Terangkan bagaimana pembakaran terbuka itu menjejaskan kesihatannya.Encik Rahman's grandmother has asthma. Explain how the open burning affects her health.
Show answerHide answer
  • Smoke and dust cause breathing problems / make her asthma worse1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (f)Cadangkan dua langkah yang boleh diambil oleh keluarga Encik Rahman untuk mengurangkan pencemaran udara.Suggest two steps Encik Rahman's family can take to reduce air pollution.
Show answerHide answer
Any 2 points
  • Do not burn rubbish in the open; recycle or send it for collection1
  • Share a car (car pooling) or use public transport1
  • Walk or cycle for short trips1
  • Service the car so it does not give out excessive smoke1
  • Choose a refrigerator / air-conditioner that does not use CFC (uses HCFC)1
  • Plant more trees around the house1
Tick each point you got.
RememberingLowChapter 77.1Textbook p. 201
28
Safiya ingin mengkaji kesan suhu air terhadap kadar resapan. Dia menitiskan setitis pewarna makanan ke dalam empat bikar, setiap satunya mengandungi 200 ml air pada suhu yang berbeza. Dia mencatat masa yang diambil oleh warna itu untuk tersebar sekata ke seluruh air. Rajah 11 menunjukkan keputusannya.Safiya wants to study the effect of water temperature on the rate of diffusion. She adds one drop of food colouring into each of four beakers, each containing 200 ml of water at a different temperature. She records the time taken for the colour to spread evenly throughout the water. Diagram 11 shows her results.
Line graph of time against temperature of water: 240 s at 20 °C, 150 s at 40 °C, 90 s at 60 °C, 50 s at 80 °C
Rajah 11Diagram 11
[1 mark] (a)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan.State the manipulated variable.
Show answerHide answer
  • Temperature of the water1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah bergerak balas.State the responding variable.
Show answerHide answer
  • Time taken for the colour to spread evenly / rate of diffusion1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Nyatakan satu pemboleh ubah dimalarkan.State one constant variable.
Show answerHide answer
  • Volume of water (200 ml) / number of drops of food colouring / type of food colouring / size of beaker (any one)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (d)Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.State a hypothesis for this experiment.
Show answerHide answer
  • The higher the temperature of the water, the shorter the time taken for the colour to spread evenly (the higher the rate of diffusion)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (e)Berdasarkan Rajah 11, berapakah masa yang diambil oleh warna itu untuk tersebar sekata pada suhu 40 °C?Based on Diagram 11, how long does the colour take to spread evenly at 40 °C?
Show answerHide answer
  • 150 s1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (f)Ramalkan masa yang diambil jika eksperimen itu diulang dengan air pada suhu 70 °C.Predict the time taken if the experiment is repeated with water at 70 °C.
Show answerHide answer
  • About 70 s (accept 60 s to 80 s)1
70 °C lies between 60 °C (90 s) and 80 °C (50 s), so the time is between 90 s and 50 s, about 70 s.
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (g)Terangkan keputusan eksperimen ini berdasarkan teori kinetik jirim.Explain the results of this experiment using the kinetic theory of matter.
Show answerHide answer
  • At a higher temperature, the particles (of water and colouring) absorb heat / gain more kinetic energy1
  • They move faster, so the colouring particles spread among the water particles more quickly (faster diffusion)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (h)Pada masa yang sama, ibu menggoreng ikan di dapur. Bau ikan goreng dapat dihidu di ruang tamu dalam beberapa saat sahaja. Terangkan mengapa bau itu meresap lebih cepat daripada pewarna di dalam air.At the same time, Mother is frying fish in the kitchen. The smell of the fried fish reaches the living room within a few seconds. Explain why the smell diffuses faster than the colouring in water.
Show answerHide answer
  • The smell diffuses through air, a gas, while the colouring diffuses through water, a liquid1
  • Gas particles are far apart (large spaces) and move randomly at high speed, while liquid particles are close together and move more slowly1
Rate of diffusion: gas > liquid > solid.
Tick each point you got.
AnalysingMediumChapter 55.2Textbook p. 148
29
Keluarga Farah pulang ke kampung datuknya yang terletak di kaki bukit berhampiran laut. Rajah 12 menunjukkan kitar air di kawasan itu.Farah's family goes back to her grandfather's village at the foot of a hill near the sea. Diagram 12 shows the water cycle in the area.
Water cycle: P, water vapour rising from the sea; Q, pointing to the cloud that forms from the vapour; R, rain falling on the hill; S, water seeping into the ground
Rajah 12Diagram 12
[2 marks] (a)Namakan proses P dan proses Q.Name process P and process Q.
Show answerHide answer
  • P: Evaporation1
  • Q: Condensation1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Jumlah air di Bumi sentiasa tetap. Terangkan mengapa.The total amount of water on Earth is always constant. Explain why.
Show answerHide answer
  • The water cycle is continuous: water that evaporates condenses and falls back as rain, then flows back to the sea1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Rumah datuk menggunakan air perigi. Air ini berasal daripada proses S. Namakan jenis air yang tersimpan di dalam tanah ini.Grandfather's house uses well water. This water comes from process S. Name this type of water stored in the ground.
Show answerHide answer
  • Underground water / aquifer1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (d)Pekebun di sekitar kampung itu menggunakan baja kimia dan racun perosak secara berlebihan. Terangkan kesannya terhadap air perigi datuk.Farmers around the village use too much chemical fertiliser and pesticide. Explain the effect on Grandfather's well water.
Show answerHide answer
  • The chemicals are carried down (leached) through the soil into the underground water1
  • The well water becomes polluted and is not safe to drink1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (e)Hutan di bukit itu telah ditebang untuk membina rumah. Selepas hujan lebat, kampung itu dilanda banjir kilat. Terangkan bagaimana penebangan hutan menyebabkan banjir kilat.The forest on the hill has been cleared to build houses. After heavy rain, the village is hit by a flash flood. Explain how clearing the forest causes flash floods.
Show answerHide answer
  • Without trees and their roots, less rainwater is absorbed and held by the soil, so more water flows quickly over the surface1
  • Soil is eroded and carried into the rivers and drains, making them shallow, so they overflow quickly1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (f)Farah sekeluarga melawat kolam air panas di Sungai Klah, Perak. Namakan proses semula jadi yang memanaskan air itu.Farah's family visits the hot spring at Sungai Klah, Perak. Name the natural process that heats the water.
Show answerHide answer
  • Hydrothermal process1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (g)Nyatakan satu kegunaan proses dalam (f) kepada ekonomi negara.State one use of the process in (f) to the country's economy.
Show answerHide answer
  • Hot steam drives turbines to generate electricity / hot springs attract tourists1
Tick each point you got.
UnderstandingMediumChapter 99.1Textbook p. 259
30
Kak Ani ingin menghasilkan taugeh untuk dijual. Dia menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan suhu terhadap percambahan biji benih kacang hijau. Empat bekas, setiap satunya mengandungi 20 biji kacang hijau di atas kapas lembap, diletakkan pada suhu yang berbeza. Selepas 3 hari, dia mengira bilangan biji benih yang bercambah. Rajah 13 menunjukkan keputusannya.Kak Ani wants to produce bean sprouts to sell. She carries out an experiment to study the effect of temperature on the germination of green bean seeds. Four containers, each with 20 green beans on wet cotton wool, are placed at different temperatures. After 3 days, she counts the number of seeds that have germinated. Diagram 13 shows her results.
Bar chart of the number of seeds germinated: 0 at 5 °C, 7 at 15 °C, 19 at 30 °C, 3 at 45 °C
Rajah 13Diagram 13
[3 marks] (a)Nyatakan pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan, pemboleh ubah bergerak balas dan satu pemboleh ubah dimalarkan dalam eksperimen ini.State the manipulated variable, the responding variable and one constant variable in this experiment.
Show answerHide answer
  • Manipulated: temperature1
  • Responding: number of seeds that germinate1
  • Constant: type of seed / number of seeds (20) / amount of water (wet cotton wool) / time (3 days) (any one)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Nyatakan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.State a hypothesis for this experiment.
Show answerHide answer
  • Seeds need a suitable temperature to germinate / more seeds germinate at a suitable temperature (about 30 °C) than at a temperature that is too low or too high1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (c)Pada suhu manakah biji benih paling banyak bercambah?At which temperature do the most seeds germinate?
Show answerHide answer
30 °C
[1 mark] (d)Hitung peratusan biji benih yang bercambah pada suhu 30 °C.Calculate the percentage of seeds that germinate at 30 °C.
Show answerHide answer
  • 19 ÷ 20 × 100% = 95%1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (e)Rajah 14 menunjukkan struktur biji benih kacang hijau. Bahagian manakah yang akan tumbuh menjadi akar?Diagram 14 shows the structure of a green bean seed. Which part will grow into the root?
Section of a green bean seed with parts labelled P (outer coat), Q (small shoot), R (small root tip) and S (large food store)
Rajah 14Diagram 14
Show answerHide answer
R
R is the radicle, which grows downwards to form the root. Q is the plumule (new shoot), P is the testa and S is the cotyledon.
[1 mark] (f)Nyatakan fungsi bahagian S semasa percambahan.State the function of part S during germination.
Show answerHide answer
  • S (cotyledon) stores and provides food for the seed / the growing embryo1
Tick each point you got.
[3 marks] (g)Kawan Kak Ani mencadangkan supaya biji kacang hijau direndam sepenuhnya di dalam balang air yang bertutup rapat dan disimpan di dalam peti sejuk (5 °C) supaya taugeh kekal segar dan cepat tumbuh. Adakah anda bersetuju? Wajarkan jawapan anda.Kak Ani's friend suggests soaking the green beans completely in a tightly closed jar of water and keeping it in the refrigerator (5 °C), so that the bean sprouts stay fresh and grow quickly. Do you agree? Justify your answer.
Show answerHide answer
  • Disagree1
  • Seeds fully under water in a closed jar get very little air (oxygen), which is needed for germination1
  • 5 °C is too low: no seeds germinated at 5 °C in the results; seeds need a suitable temperature (about 30 °C, room temperature)1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (h)Cadangkan satu cara untuk menjadikan keputusan eksperimen Kak Ani lebih boleh dipercayai.Suggest one way to make the results of Kak Ani's experiment more reliable.
Show answerHide answer
  • Repeat the experiment (two or three times) and take the average / use more seeds in each container1
Tick each point you got.
EvaluatingHighChapter 44.7Textbook p. 129
31
Ibu membeli sebotol sirap merah X untuk majlis hari jadi adik. Abang Faiz ingin memastikan sirap itu tidak mengandungi pewarna makanan yang dilarang. Dia menguji sirap X dan empat jenis pewarna makanan, P, Q, R dan S, dengan menggunakan kertas turas dan air suling. Pewarna S ialah pewarna yang dilarang. Rajah 15 menunjukkan keputusannya.Mother buys a bottle of red syrup X for little brother's birthday party. Abang Faiz wants to make sure the syrup does not contain a banned food colouring. He tests syrup X and four food colourings, P, Q, R and S, using filter paper and distilled water. Colouring S is banned. Diagram 15 shows his results.
Filter paper: X has two spots, one level with the spot of Q and one level with the spot of S; P, Q, R and S each have one spot at different heights
Rajah 15Diagram 15
[1 mark] (a)Namakan kaedah pengasingan yang digunakan oleh Abang Faiz.Name the separation method used by Abang Faiz.
Show answerHide answer
  • Chromatography1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (b)Pewarna manakah yang terdapat di dalam sirap X?Which colourings are present in syrup X?
Show answerHide answer
  • Q and S (both needed)1
Tick each point you got.
[2 marks] (c)Adakah sirap X selamat untuk dihidangkan kepada tetamu? Wajarkan jawapan anda.Is syrup X safe to serve to the guests? Justify your answer.
Show answerHide answer
  • No, it is not safe1
  • One spot of X is at the same height as the spot of S, so X contains the banned colouring S1
Tick each point you got.
[1 mark] (d)Ibu mencairkan mentega di dalam kuali untuk membuat kek. Perubahan ini ialahMother melts butter in a pan to make a cake. This change is a
Show answerHide answer
Physical change
Melting does not form a new substance; the butter can become solid again.
[1 mark] (e)Kuali besi lama di dapur telah berkarat. Perubahan ini ialahThe old iron wok in the kitchen has rusted. This change is a
Show answerHide answer
Chemical change
Rusting forms a new substance (iron oxide) from iron and oxygen.
[2 marks] (f)Gula ialah satu sebatian. Mengapakah gula tidak dapat diasingkan kepada unsur-unsurnya melalui kaedah penyulingan?Sugar is a compound. Why can sugar not be separated into its elements by distillation?
Show answerHide answer
  • The elements in sugar (carbon, hydrogen and oxygen) are combined / bonded chemically1
  • A compound can only be separated by a chemical method (such as electrolysis); distillation is a physical method1
Tick each point you got.
[4 marks] (g)Semasa membasuh kuali, sedikit minyak masak bercampur dengan air di dalam sebuah bekas. Ibu tidak mahu minyak itu dibuang ke dalam sinki. Dengan menggunakan sebuah botol plastik kosong yang bertutup dan sebilah gunting, reka satu cara mudah untuk mengasingkan minyak daripada air. Terangkan bagaimana reka bentuk anda berfungsi.While washing a wok, some cooking oil mixes with water in a container. Mother does not want the oil to be poured down the sink. Using an empty plastic bottle with a cap and a pair of scissors, design a simple way to separate the oil from the water. Explain how your design works.
Show answerHide answer
Any 4 points
  • Cut off the bottom of the bottle and keep the cap screwed on; hold the bottle upside down (cap at the bottom) like a separating funnel1
  • Pour the oil and water mixture into the bottle and leave it to settle1
  • The oil floats on top of the water because oil is less dense than water and does not mix with it1
  • Loosen the cap slowly to let the water (bottom layer) drain out into the sink1
  • Tighten the cap when the oil reaches the neck, then pour the oil into a container to be thrown away properly1
This works like the floatation method with a separating funnel: two liquids that do not mix form layers by density, and the bottom layer is let out first.
Tick each point you got.
CreatingHighChapter 66.2Textbook p. 183
Test specification (JSU)
ChapterRememberingUnderstandingApplyingAnalysingEvaluatingCreatingmarks
1. Introduction to Scientific Investigation–2 (2)2 (5)–––7
2. Cell as the Basic Unit of Life2 (5)1 (1)––––6
3. Coordination and Response–3 (10)––––10
4. Reproduction3 (6)–1 (1)–1 (12)–19
5. Matter–1 (1)–2 (11)––12
6. Periodic Table1 (1)2 (5)–––1 (12)18
7. Air2 (9)1 (1)––––10
8. Light and Optics–1 (1)2 (5)–––6
9. Earth–3 (12)––––12
Total8 (21)14 (33)5 (11)2 (11)1 (12)1 (12)100
Each cell shows items (marks).